Risk Factors for developing Endocarditis

• Dental procedure that penetrates the gums
• Prior endocarditis
• Prosthetic valves
• IVDU
• Immunosuppression

Common Organisms

• Staph
• Strep
• Enterococcus
• HACEK

Symptoms/Signs

• Fever (most common)
• Murmur
• Splinter hemorrhages
• Janeway lesions (non-tender erythematous macules on palms and soles)
• Osler nodes (tender, subcutaneous nodules, on pads of fingers and toes)
• Roth spots (exudative edematous hemorrhages in the retina)

Indications for surgical repair

• New heart failure
• Perivalvular abscess/extension
• Conduction abnormalities
• Persistent bacteremia
• Prosthetic valves
• Septic emboli
• Large vegetation > 10-15 mm
• Resistant organisms